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Back to Laws Library Enacted / Enforced: 1986

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Umbrella legislation protecting and improving environmental quality, regulating industrial emissions, hazardous waste management, and NGT jurisdiction.

Key Concepts & Structural Highlights

  • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) notification for infrastructure projects.
  • Precautionary Principle & Polluter Pays Principle enforced by Indian Courts.
  • National Green Tribunal (NGT) specialized forum for environmental litigation.

Practical Relevance & Scope

Underpins environmental clearances, industrial waste compliance, and citizen PILs against pollution.

Educational Study Note:

Violations punishable under Section 15 with imprisonment up to 5 years or fine up to ₹1 Lakh.

Official Reference: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
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